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Concept: Management is the
process of planning, organising, staffing, directing and controlling the
resources efficiently and effectively for achieving the organisational goals.
Characteristics: (a)
goal oriented process, (b) pervasive, (c) multidimensional (d)
group activity, (e) continuous process, (vi) dynamic
function, (vii) intangible force
Objectives : (a) organisational (b) social, and (c) personal objectives
Importance: (a) achieves
group goals (b) increases efficiency (c) creates dynamic
organization (d) helps achieve personal goals (e)
development of society
Management as Art: Theoretical
knowledge, personal application, based on practice,
creativity
Management as a Science : (a)
Systematic body of knowledge (b) principles
based on application, (c) universal validity
Management as a Profession: (a)
well defined body of knowledge (b).restricted entry (c) professional
association (d) ethical code of conduct Management fulfills some but not all of
these requirements
Levels of management: (a)
Top Level management (b) Middle Level management
(c) Supervisory or operational or lower level management
Functions of Management: Planning,
organising, staffing, directing and controlling
Coordination : The
process of achieving unity of action among interdependent activities and
departments of an organisation. It is the essence of management as it is
required in all managerial functions.
1. MEANING/CONCEPT OF MANAGEMENT:
Management is the process of getting things done with
the aim of achieving goals
effectively and efficiently.
• Process: refers to the
primary function like planning, organising, staffing,directing and controlling
performed by the management to get things done.
• Effectiveness: means
completing the right task to achieve the deputed goal within the time frame.
• Efficiency: means
completion of task using minimum resources
DEFINITION OF MANAGEMENT:
“Management is the process of working with and through
others to effectively achieve the organisational objectives by efficiently
using limited resources in the changing environment.”
MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES-
Organisational
Objectives:
Survival:- Ensure that the
organisation survives and exists in the future.
Profitability:-Earning
adequate profit in order to survive and grow
Growth:- Growth indicates
how well it exploits the potential opportunities.
Social Objectives:
• Producing quality products at reasonable rates,
• generating employment opportunities,
• Community progress and development by providing
schools and crèches to employees In fact most of the firms have taken upon
themselves the concept of social responsibility as one of the basic element of
business objectives .
• Environmental friendly method of production.
Personal Objectives:
• Meeting the Financial needs like competitive salaries
and perks
• Social and safety needs of the employee like peer
recognition, self respect and respect for colleagues
• Higher level needs like implementation and monitoring
of policies for personal growth
and survival
• Reconcile personal goals with organisational
objectives for harmony in the organisation.
Characteristics of Management
1. Goal oriented Process : It is a goal oriented
process, which is undertaken to achieve already specified and desired
objectives.
2. Pervasive : Management is pervasive in nature.
It is used in all types of organizations whether economic, social or political
and at every level.
3. Multidimensional : It is multidimensional as
it involves management of Work, People and operations.
4. Continuous : It is a continuous process i.e.
its functions are being performed by all managers simultaneously. The process of management
continue till an organisation exist for attaining its objectives.
5. Group Activity : It is a group activity since
it involves managing and coordinating activities of different people as a team
to attain the desired objectives.
6. Dynamic function : it is a dynamic function
since it has to adapt to the changing environment.
7. Intangible Force : It is an intagible force as
it cannot be seen but its effect
are felt in the form of results like whether the
objectives are met and
whether people are motivated or not.
